The osteochondrosis of the spine, such as human species or "civilizational disease", is associated with a directness in which the load on the entire structure of the spine and the intervertebral discs increases significantly.The modern, sedentary lifestyle only sharpens the situation.There is unlikely to have an adult who has not experienced osteochondrosis in one form or another.For this reason, questions about how and where to treat osteochondrosis do not lose their relevance.
Four fifth of all back pain is caused by osteochondrosis.And in terms of the cost of treating it, it is no less than cardiovascular disease or flu.
Reasons
When the average era is reached, a vascular channel is formed in the intervertebral discs and therefore their diet occurs according to the principle of diffusion.This, more special, complicates the regeneration of the intervertebral discs after excessive or asymmetrical loads, as well as micro and macro injuries.
Infutable or irrational food adds "oil to the fire" and the intervertebral cartilage, without receiving the necessary nutrients, they begin to gradually lose strength and elasticity and to deform.
The exact causes of osteochondrosis, unfortunately, have not been established today, therefore it is generally accepted that this is a certain set of risk factors, including:
- Disorders of metabolic processes in the body;
- Genetic predisposition;
- Slight physical development, posture disturbance and flat legs, other disorders of the musculoskeletal system;
- Infectious diseases and intoxication;
- Spinal microtraum due to falls, strokes, sudden movements and excess loads, the same type of asymmetrical movements;
- Macro spinal trauma due to fractures and bruises;
- Improper nutrition, sedentary lifestyle and overweight, leading to a lack of fluid, vitamins and trace elements;
- Stress conditions and smoking, leading to cramps and narrowing of blood vessels;
- Meteorological conditions in which low temperature and humidity are observed.
There are many reasons for the development of osteochondrosis, and they are all in one way or another the result of the wrong way of life, whose hostages are becoming more and more people from modern society.
Prevention of osteochondrosis
Obviously, the best prevention of osteochondrosis is rational nutrition and physical education, among which classes are shown:
- Morning self -government of the lower back, back and limbs.
- Hygienic gymnastics with flying movements of the hands and feet, jumping in place, rotation of the head, classes of the horizontal strip.
- Five-minute physical education pause at work with a set of 7-9 exercises.
- Swimming in the pool, especially on the back.
Of course, if the prevention time is missed, this list of exercises will need to be expanded with therapeutic exercises that provide spinal channel techniques.
Osteochondrosis power supply should include a large amount of protein, except for mushroom dishes, animal fat remains, the first dishes - mainly vegetarian, second dishes - stewed or in the oven, snacks - mainly floods, low fat sauces, spices and spices - are welcome.Consumption of salt and saline products (herring, salmon, homework for the winter), sugar, flour, butter and other confectionery, grapes and juice from it, strong coffee and tea, alcohol and smoking is sharply limited.
The mass of the daily diet should usually not exceed 2 kg, liquids - 1 liter and kilocalories - 2600 units.The daily diet is calculated for frequent nutrition-5-7 meals a day.
If the analyzes show the lack of certain vitamins and trace elements, they are prescribed further.
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis
Depending on location, osteochondrosis may be:
- Cervical (25% of cases) - is accompanied by pain in the hands and shoulders, headache with more possible development of spinal artery syndrome, when noise in the ears, "flies" and colored spots before the eyes appear, a slight dizziness occurs.
- Thoracic spine, - the pain occurs as a "bet" in the chest, the pain "shoots" in other organs: heart, lungs, stomach.
- Lumbosacral spine (50% of cases) - The pain in the lower back that gives the legs, sacrum, and sometimes in the groin, can be accompanied by syndromes of impaired function and sensitivity of the muscles of the lower limbs.
- Common (12% of cases) - is a combination of spinal osteochondrosis of several departments at a timeAnd therefore - the most serious form of this disease.
In addition to pain in the corresponding parts of the spine, a feeling of pain and numbness in the limbs, pain in various organs and muscles with osteochondrosis Other symptoms: muscle cramps, reduction of freedom of movement and increased pain during cough or kindta, additional loads and acute turns or slopes.
A preliminary diagnosis is made on the basis of both the above symptoms and the initial examination by a doctor who checks the patient's spine in different positions - lying, standing, sitting - in conditions of movement and rest after the patient is sent to hardware diagnostics to confirm and clarify or disprove the diagnosis.The main types of spinal examination include NMR, computed tomography, radiography and ultrasound Doppler of the main arteries of the brain.
It happens that after a thorough examination, additional related diseases are detected, which are complications of osteochondrosis: hernia - spine and intervertebral, convexity of the intervertebral disc, radiculitis and kyphosis.
The quality of the diagnosis is paramount because many symptoms of osteochondrosis are absolutely identical to the symptoms of other diseases, and the sources of pain can be both spinal root and impaired intervertebral disc.
Treatment of osteochondrosis
But the diagnosis follows the treatment that can be of two types -Conservative And Operative - depending on the neglect and severity of the disease and the presence of internal resources for recovery, other indications and contraindications.
In a number of severe cases, it is impossible to do without surgery, in others, conservative treatment is justified.However, only highly qualified doctors can make the right choice and sometimes their consultation.
Conservative treatment, as well as subsequent rehabilitation, requires a comprehensive approach, which means the use of many methods from different sectors of medicine.Modern medicine in most cases reduces conservative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation to two things: drug therapy and hardware treatment.At the same time, there is a complete underestimation of the body's own resources, the treatment is because it is "in the absence" of the patient himself, as if the patient's active participation in the treatment cannot appear.Such "passive" treatment and rehabilitation always prove longer and sometimes unsuccessful.
At the same time, conservative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation should include several different methods, such as: for example:
- Exercise therapy - exercise on therapeutic gymnastics;
- Isometric kinesiotherapy;
- Manual therapy;
- Reflexology;
- Underwater hydromassa;
- Unloading treatment based on the elimination of the spine;
- Magnet, electrical and vibration stimulation;
- Ultrasound and laser therapy;
- Therapeutic diet
- Psychotherapy;
- Drug therapy.
With the right selection and a combination of many therapeutic methods, drug treatment can be moved to the last place and resorted to it in minimal volume or in the exacerbation phases.
Classes with a psychologist in combination with exercise, forcing a person to believe in his own power and to actively participate in recovery or postoperative recovery.
Manual and hydromassage, reflexology not only improve blood circulation, relieve pain syndromes, but also awaken the internal forces of the body.
The underestimation of the role of dietetics can minimize the effectiveness of drug treatment, as the individually and properly selected diet allows you to saturate the body cells with the necessary nutrients, follow -up elements and vitamins, preventing concomitant complications in other organs and diseases such as diabetes, objectionCardiovascular diseases and diseases such as garnish.
And, nevertheless, drug therapy is still needed, usually includes several therapies:
- Anti -inflammatory;
- Antispasmodic;
- Antioxidant;
- Stimulation of blood microcirculation;
- Correction of psychosomatic disorders and the prevention of degeneration of cartilage tissue.
So, we will summarize: postoperative rehabilitation and conservative treatment of osteochondrosis in special departments of state clinics in most cases deprives patients with complete treatment for recovery, and such treatment at home adds several more problems.The fact is that attempts to rehabilitate at home, the patient is faced with at least the fact that:
- Experiences a shortage of medical equipment - orthopedic beds, simulators, physiotherapy devices or just the necessary space for physiotherapy exercises;
- It finds the inability to self -organize and self -discipline, which are the quintessence of any recreation techniques: it cannot monitor elementary sleep regimens, wakefulness, medicines, medical procedures and nutrition for a long period of time.
- This feels the lack of dietary and cooking skills that allow you to compile a recipe and choose the right one and distribute a daily diet, the violation of which can cancel the effectiveness of other health methods.
In this way, it is best to undergo treatment for recovery in specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers specializing in the overall rehabilitation and conservative treatment of osteochondrosis.